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Fistula in Ano (FIA) Treatment and Anal Fistula Surgery in Singapore
Fistula in Ano (FIA) is a common yet troublesome condition that occurs around the anus, often starting as a small pimple-like bump that intermittently bursts but doesn’t completely heal. At Dr Bernard Lim Specialist Surgery, we provide expert anal fistula treatment in Singapore to effectively diagnose and treat FIA, helping patients achieve lasting relief and prevent recurrence.
Get the Facts
What Is Anal Fistula and Why It Occurs
Fistula in Ano is an abnormal connection between the anal canal and the skin surrounding the anus. This often develops after an anal abscess (a collection of pus due to an infection) bursts, leaving behind a tract that can discharge pus or blood. The condition is classified into low (superficial) and high (deep) types, depending on how deep the anal fistula tract extends.
Anal fistula can be painful and persistent, as the skin may heal while the inner connection remains, leading to recurrent eruptions and discharge. The condition can be caused by an infection of the glands around the anus, known as a cryptoglandular abscess.
Understanding the Causes of Anal Fistula in Singapore
An anal fistula can occur due to the following reasons:
- Anal abscesses – the most common underlying cause
- Crohn’s disease – an inflammatory bowel disease that increases fistula risk
- Infections in anal glands
- Trauma, radiation, or surgery in the anorectal area
- Less commonly, tuberculosis or sexually transmitted infections
Key Benefits of FIA Treatment
Personalised Care
We assess your condition and tailor treatment to your needs.
Minimally Invasive Options
We offer sphincter-preserving techniques for complex FIA.
Prevention of Recurrence
Our goal is to provide long-term relief and minimise the risk of future fistulas.
Expert Team
Led by experienced specialists in colorectal care, ensuring reliable standard of treatment.
Recognising the Symptoms of Anal Fistula in Singapore
FIA may seem minor at first, but the condition can worsen and lead to infection if left untreated. Understanding the signs early on can help you seek timely anal fistula treatment in Singapore, preventing complications and improving your quality of life.
Pain Around the Anus
Often described as throbbing or sharp, especially during or after bowel movements. A small lump or pimple-like swelling may be present.
Discharge
Yellowish pus or blood may drain from an opening near the anus. This discharge often stains undergarments and may have an unpleasant odour.
Bleeding
Light bleeding may occur from the fistula opening or along with the discharge.
Infection and Swelling
The surrounding area may become red, swollen, and tender, especially if the external opening becomes blocked again.
When to Seek Anal Fistula Treatment in Singapore
You should consult a specialist for anal fistula treatment in Singapore if you experience:
- Persistent or worsening pain in the anal region
- Continuous or recurring discharge of pus or blood
- A lump or opening near the anus that does not heal
- Signs of fever or general unwellness (indicating a possible abscess)
Because FIA shares symptoms with other conditions—like anal fissures, haemorrhoids, hidradenitis suppurativa, pilonidal disease, and even cancer—getting an accurate diagnosis from a qualified colorectal specialist is essential.
Diagnosis
How Anal Fistula Is Diagnosed in Singapore
Timely and detailed diagnosis is essential for effective anal fistula treatment in Singapore. Your specialist will use modern diagnostic techniques to identify the location and complexity of the fistula, ensuring an appropriate treatment plan is developed for each patient.
Evaluation Methods for Anal Fistula Singapore
Diagnosing an anal fistula in Singapore begins with a thorough review of your symptoms and medical history, followed by a focused physical examination of the anal region.
In more complex or recurrent cases, your specialist may use additional diagnostic tools to map the fistula tract and assess its connection to the anal canal. They are essential for understanding the full path of the fistula, particularly in high-risk cases, such as those involving Crohn’s disease or multiple tracts:
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Examination Under Anaesthesia (EUA)
A common technique used for deeper evaluation of the fistula tract, especially if pain or swelling limits outpatient examination. -
Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI)
An MRI of the pelvis provides a detailed image of internal fistula tracts and is especially useful for recurrent or complex fistulas. -
Endoanal Ultrasound (EUS)
Uses sound waves to visualise the internal structures of the anal canal, helping identify hidden abscesses or internal openings. -
Colonoscopy
Occasionally used to directly visualise the fistula tract, particularly when combined with surgical planning.
What to Expect During an Anal Fistula Consultation
During your initial consultation for anal fistula treatment Singapore, you can expect:
- The doctor to discuss your symptoms, including duration, recurrence, and any history of abscess
- The doctor to perform a careful physical examination to assess pain, swelling, and visible fistula openings
- Your doctor will explain the possible diagnostic procedures or imaging needed
- A personalised treatment plan such as different types of anal fistula surgery in Singapore
Your comfort, dignity, and clarity are prioritised at every stage. We ensure each patient receives detailed guidance and supportive care from diagnosis to recovery.
Treatment
Available Options for Anal Fistula Treatment in Singapore
Treatments range from conservative, non-surgical approaches to anal fistula surgery. The right approach to anal fistula treatment depends on the complexity and location of the fistula tract.
Non-Surgical Fistula Treatment Options
For simple or early-stage anal fistulas, conservative or non-surgical treatments may be effective. These methods are performed without major incisions and typically do not require hospitalisation.
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Seton Insertion
The doctor places a soft surgical thread (seton) through the fistula tract to allow continuous drainage and prevent infection. This method helps reduce inflammation and may prepare the tract for future surgery if needed. -
Fibrin Glue
The doctor injects a biological adhesive into the tract to seal it internally. This non-invasive option is suitable for straight, uncomplicated fistulas. -
Fistula Plug
Your doctor inserts a small biocompatible device into the fistula to block the tract and encourage tissue healing without excision.
Minimally Invasive and Sphincter-Sparing Procedures
Various types of minimally invasive anal fistula surgery are available. These techniques reduce pain, preserve continence, and offer a shorter recovery period.
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Video-Assisted Anal Fistula Treatment (VAAFT)
Your doctor inserts a tiny scope through the external fistula opening to locate and cauterise the tract. They will then seal the internal opening. This method avoids open incisions and promotes faster healing with minimal scarring. -
Ligation of Intersphincteric Fistula Tract (LIFT)
A technique where a small incision is made near the anus to isolate and close the internal fistula from within. This approach avoids cutting through the anal sphincter.
When Is Anal Fistula Surgery Singapore Required?
For more complex or high fistulas, surgery may be appropriate. Surgical options are chosen based on the location of the fistula and the need to preserve continence:
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Fistulotomy
The most common surgery for anal fistula, where the doctor lays open the tract to heal it naturally from the inside out. It’s often performed as a day surgery. -
Fistulectomy
Involves complete excision of the fistula tract. This may be recommended for tracts that don’t respond to other methods. -
Advancement Flap Surgery
In this sphincter-preserving procedure, the doctor moves the healthy tissue to close the internal opening of the anal fistula and repair the tract.
Early Treatment
When to Seek Anal Fistula Treatment in Singapore
If you experience any of the following symptoms, it’s time to consult a colorectal specialist:
- Persistent pain near the anus, especially during bowel movements
- Recurrent swelling or a pimple-like lump that bursts and reforms
- Discharge of pus or blood from the anal area
- Visible opening or hole near the anus
- Fever or signs of systemic infection
- Bleeding during bowel movements
These are common signs of a fistula-in-ano (FIA), and early diagnosis allows for more treatment options—including non-surgical or minimally invasive approaches.
Risks of Delaying Anal Fistula Treatment
Ignoring symptoms or delaying anal fistula treatment in Singapore may lead to:
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Chronic infection and abscess formation
Repeated infections can cause the fistula tract to expand or branch into more complex paths. -
Fistula progression
The longer a fistula remains untreated, the deeper or more intricate it may become, requiring more complex surgery. - Risk of cancer developing in the chronic fistula
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Sphincter damage
In severe or neglected cases, inflammation can affect nearby muscles, increasing the risk of incontinence after surgery. -
Impact on quality of life
Ongoing pain, leakage, and hygiene concerns can interfere with daily comfort and confidence.
If you suspect you may have an anal fistula, seek early care from an anal fistula specialist in Singapore.
Procedure Overview
Anal Fistula Surgery Singapore: What to Expect
At Dr Bernard Lim Specialist Surgery, we provide tailored treatment plans to address both simple and complex fistulas. When conservative options aren’t enough, anal fistula surgery becomes essential to remove the tract, prevent infection, and restore comfort.
Is Anal Fistula Surgery Singapore Always Necessary?
Not all cases require immediate surgery. However, most fistulas require some form of surgical intervention especially:
- Deep or complex
- Recurrent
- Associated with abscesses
- Causing significant pain or discharge
…then surgical treatment is the only curative option.
Your Treatment Journey with Us
- Thorough medical history and physical exam
- Imaging (e.g. MRI, endoanal ultrasound) if needed
- Personalised plan based on fistula type and lifestyle needs
- Performed under short general anaesthesia
- Most procedures are day surgeries or require short hospital stays
- Focus on preserving continence and ensuring full recovery
- Instructions on wound care and hygiene
- Pain management and stool softeners to reduce strain
- Follow-up visits to monitor healing and prevent recurrence
Our goal is to provide patients in Singapore effective anal fistula treatment while minimising disruptions to their daily life. With modern techniques and compassionate care, you can expect a safe, well-managed path to recovery.
Why Choose Us for Your FIA Treatment?
At Dr Bernard Lim Specialist Surgery, you will receive care from an experienced anal fistula specialist in Singapore who combines clinical skill with a patient-first philosophy—minimising discomfort and prioritising your peace of mind.
Expert
Specialists
Colorectal specialist with experience in diagnosing and treating all types of fistulas
Comprehensive Medical Technology
We use modern diagnostic tools and minimally invasive techniques
Patient-Centered
Care
We ensure that you are fully informed and comfortable throughout your treatment journey
Sphincter
Preservation
We aim to preserve anal function while effectively treating the fistula
We are committed to providing the highest standard of care for our patients.
Post-Surgery Support
Recovery Timeline After Anal Fistula Treatment
Healing from anal fistula treatment in Singapore depends on the type of procedure performed and the complexity of your condition.
How Long Does It Take to Recover After Anal Fistula Treatment?
-
Simple fistulas treated with fistulotomy or seton placement
Most patients can return home the same day. Mild discomfort may persist for a few days, with full healing within an average of 2–3 weeks. -
LIFT, VAAFT, or advancement flap surgery
Recovery typically ranges from 3 to 6 weeks, on average, depending on the wound size and location. -
Wound care and follow-up
Our team will schedule reviews to monitor your healing and guide you through dressing changes, hygiene routines, and medication use to prevent infection or recurrence.
Tips for a Smoother Recovery After Anal Fistula Surgery
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Maintain Excellent Hygiene
Gently clean the anal area with warm water after each bowel movement. Avoid harsh soaps. Sitz baths (warm water soaking) 2–3 times daily can relieve discomfort and promote healing. -
Eat a High-Fibre Diet
Include fruits, vegetables, and whole grains to soften stool and avoid straining. This reduces pressure on the surgical site. -
Stay Hydrated
Drink plenty of water to support digestion and wound healing.
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Take Medications as Prescribed
Pain relievers, antibiotics, or stool softeners may be provided to ease symptoms and prevent complications. -
Attend All Follow-Up Appointments
Regular reviews ensure the wound is healing correctly and allows early detection of any concerns.
Benefits of Early Anal Fistula Treatment in Singapore
- Reduces the risk of recurrent abscesses, chronic infection, and tract branching.
- Stops the fistula from becoming more complex and harder to treat.
- Early-stage fistulas may be treated with non-surgical or sphincter-preserving techniques like LIFT or VAAFT.
- Less trauma to surrounding tissue.
- Smaller wounds and simpler procedures mean faster healing.
- Patients return to work and normal activities sooner.
- Smaller wounds and simpler procedures mean faster healing.
- Patients return to work and normal activities sooner.
- Lower risk of incontinence when treated before the fistula affects sphincter muscles.
- Higher success rate with fewer complications.
- Early treatment stops infection cycles and reduces the chance of the fistula reforming.
Frequently Asked Questions
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Take Charge of Your Health – Schedule Your FIA Consultation Today
Don’t let FIA disrupt your life. Early treatment can help you get back to normal, pain-free living.